I-Polyurethane (PU), egama layo elipheleleyo yi-polyurethane, i-polymer compound.Yaveliswa ngu-Otto Bayer kunye nabanye ngo-1937. I-polyurethane ineendidi ezimbini: uhlobo lwe-polyester kunye nohlobo lwe-polyether.Zingenziwa kwiiplastiki ze-polyurethane (ikakhulukazi i-foam), i-polyurethane fibers (ebizwa ngokuba yi-spandex e-China), i-rubber ye-polyurethane kunye ne-elastomers.
I-polyurethane ethambileyo ubukhulu becala ine-thermoplastic linear structure.Inozinzo olungcono, ukumelana neekhemikhali, ukomelela kunye neempawu zoomatshini kunezixhobo ze-PVC ze-foam, kwaye ine-deformation encinci yoxinzelelo.Ukufakwa kakuhle kobushushu, ukugqunywa kwesandi, anti-vibration kunye nokusebenza kwe-anti-virus.Ke ngoko, isetyenziselwa ukupakisha, ukugquma isandi, kunye nezinto zokucoca.
Iplastiki ye-polyurethane eqinile inobunzima obulula, ukugquma kwesandi esigqwesileyo, ukusebenza kokugquma ubushushu, ukumelana neekhemikhali, ukusebenza kakuhle kombane, ukusetyenzwa lula, kunye nokufunxa amanzi aphantsi.Isetyenziswa ikakhulu njengesixhobo solwakhiwo, iimoto, ishishini lokubhabha, kunye nokugqunywa kwe-thermal.
Iimpawu ze-polyurethane elastomer ziphakathi kweplastiki kunye nerabha, ukuxhathisa kweoli, ukuxhathisa i-abrasion, ukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi, ukumelana nokuguga, ubunzima obuphezulu kunye nokuqina.Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lesihlangu kunye neshishini lezonyango.I-polyurethane ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza izinto zokuncamathelisa, iingubo, isikhumba sokwenziwa, njl.
Ipolyurethane yavela kwi-1930s.Emva kweminyaka ephantse ibe ngamashumi asibhozo yophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, esi sixhobo sisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwinkalo yefenitshala yasekhaya, ulwakhiwo, iimfuno zemihla ngemihla, ezothutho, kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya.
Imarike ye-polyurethane yehlabathi ibekwe ikakhulu kumazwe aphuhlileyo eYurophu naseMelika.Ummandla weAsia-Pacific umelwe ikakhulu yiTshayina, iJapan kunye noMzantsi Korea.La mazwe angasentla kunye nemimandla yenza i-90% yemarike ye-polyurethane yehlabathi.Phakathi kwazo, ilizwe lam lilonke ukusetyenziswa kwe-polyurethane kwisiqingatha sehlabathi.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeemveliso ze-polyurethane emhlabeni kwaye zisetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.Ekupheleni kwe-2016, imveliso epheleleyo ye-polyurethane emhlabeni ifikelele malunga ne-22 yezigidi zeetoni.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-03-2019